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A Black Hole is a region of space-time that is so heavily deformated that it created a singularity, or an infinitly dense point. From this not even light can escape. Black Holes are invisible because of course, light can't travel trough it.Scientists detect them by noticing in any strange diferences of orbits of stars around it. There are also several types of black holes since the primordial ones to the Supermassive Black Holes that are located in the centre of each galaxy. Our Supermassive black hole is Saggitarius A*, with a total weigth of more than 4 million Suns. But there's a catch: physicly, black holes can't have a weigth of more than 60 billion Suns. The only problem is one specific Black Holes which is the biggest ever discovered, TON-618. This Supermassive Black Hole is so big that it's diamater is aproximatly of 11 Solar Systems! The catch in this one is that it weigths as much as 66 billion Suns, which semmed to be impossible. The explanation is the classic we don't know. There are many unsolved mysteries around black holes and this is one of them. Why TON-618 weigths more than it should. This is a quasar really shiny (because it has got an acreation disk) in it's galaxy. This black hole was discovered in 1957, when quasar were not discovered yet. By 1963 scientists understood and associated TON to a quasar.

History[]

Black Holes are since the earlie 1900's a big question for scientists. Even Albert Einstein, the men who wrote the General Theory of Relativity that predicted the existance of this massive bodies didn't believe in their existance. Therefore, in the mid 60's another famous scientist got to work. Its name was Stephen Hawking. This guy discovered many things about Black Holes and it was him that proved that these bodies existed. He worked his entire life studying these objects until its unforttonate death in 2018. After that many concepts of Black Holes started appearing like the singularity, the Event Horizon and the Acreation Disk. Stephen Hawking said that anything that crossed the imaginary border of the Event Horizon would never come back. Since its Era many amazing events started happening. In the year of 1991 the first TDE (Tidal Desruption Event) was captured. This is the moment that a stationary black hole partially swalloes a star. The rest of the star that wasn't destroyed by the singularity formed it's acreation disk. More recently, in 2023, scientists captured another event like this. Today we understand much more about black holes than before and we are progreding every single day.

Composition[]

A Black Hole is made out of three parts named Singularity, Event Horizon and the Acreation Disk

  • Singularity - The singularity is the infinitly small and dense point in the centre of the Black Holes. This is the deepest point of all and is where all weigth is located.
  • Event Horizon - The Event Horizon is the imaginary border that if an object crosses it'll never get back, not even light which has the highest speed we know about in the Universe.
  • Acreation Disk - If a Black Hole has one, it makes them visible and are remnants of matter that weren't swalloed by the Black Hole when an object came to close to it.

Formation[]

Black Holes are formed after stars run out of fuel (usualy helium or hydrogen) and go supernova. From this explosion the debris can form a Black Hole or a pulsar, a small star which is really cold and spins really fast emiting pulsars that can be heard here by telescopes and transmitted to sound. Not every star can form a supernova and not every supernova gets into a black hole. Some stars that haven't got the size don't go supernova, they go into another process. Because of this the Black Hole creation is much smaller because if the Sun that's bigger than 85% of all stars in the Milky Way can't go supernova, it's a really small chance. Only star which are 6 times bigger than the Sun can go Supernova.

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